Preheat the oven: Preheat your oven to 350°F. Line baking sheets with parchment paper.
In a large bowl, combine the granulated sugar and lemon zest. Using a mixer, beat the lemon zest and sugar until combined and fragrant.
Add the room-temperature butter to the sugar mixture. Beat until light and fluffy, about 2 minutes.
Add the egg, vanilla extract, and lemon juice to the bowl. Mix until fully combined.
In a separate bowl, whisk together the flour, kosher salt, and baking soda.
Gradually add the dry ingredients to the wet mixture. Beat until a dough forms.
Scoop out 2-tablespoon portions (about 32 grams each). Roll the dough into balls, then coat them in the extra granulated sugar.
Use the bottom of a measuring cup or glass to press each dough ball down until about ½ inch thick *See photos in "recipe steps" in post above for reference.
Position it on the center rack of the oven to ensure even baking, avoiding placement too close to the top or bottom. Bake the cookies for 7–9 minutes. The edges should be puffed, but the centers may look slightly underbaked—this is normal. Do not over bake.
Remove the baking sheet from the oven and let the cookies rest for 5 minutes. Then transfer them to a wire rack to cool completely.
Spread about 1 tablespoon of cream cheese lemon frosting on the bottom of one cookie, place another cookie on top, repeat until all sandwiched.
See storage in notes below